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1991-01-12
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From the U.S. Department of Agriculture
House and Garden Bulletin No. 232-10
** You may wish to create a checklist here to post on your refrigerator
with dates for when you bought, refrigerated, or froze each food.
Storing foods
Maintaining food quality starts with selecting high quality foods.
It also involves storing foods properly and using them in a timely
way. Tips for maintaining quality during storage include:
- Rotate foods on hand with newly purchased foods so that older
items are used first.
- Reseal packages tightly after opening. Transfer foods such as
flour, sugar, and cereal to airtight containers. Store whole
wheat flour in the refrigerator or freezer.
- Keep freezers at 0 degrees F or colder. Store foods in airtight
containers, freezer bags, or heavy duty freezer wrap or foil.
Don't refreeze thawed foods unless they've been cooked.
- Keep refrigerators below 40 degrees F. Store foods in airtight
containers to prevent transfer of odors or flavors. Allow
enough room between items for adequate circulation of air.
Remove spoiled foods promptly to prevent cross-contamination.
- Keep dry storage areas clean, cool, dark, and dry. Store foods
on shelves above the floor, away from water pipes and hot air
ducts. Store foods in coolest areas of the kitchen. Keep cleaning
supplies in a separate area, away from foods.
- All foods have limits on how long they will stay at peak quality
even when stored properly. A guide follows which assumes food is
purchased of high quality and properly handled and stored.
- Storage guide for perishable foods:
REFRIGERATED ITEMS: (for best quality use within)
Apples
1 month
Apricots, bananas, grapes, nectarines, peaches, pears, plums, watermelon
3 to 5 days
Berries, cherries
2 to 3 days
Cranberries, melons (except watermelon)
1 week
Note: Unripe fruits should be left to ripen at room temperature, then
refrigerated. Some fruits, such as grapes and watermelon, will not
ripen further.
Beans (snap or wax), cauliflower, celery, cucumber, eggplant, green
peppers, salad greens, tomatoes
1 week
Beets, carrots, parsnips, radishes, rutabagas, turnips
2 weeks
Broccoli, brussels sprouts, greens (spinach, kale, collards, etc), okra
onions (green), peas, summer squash
3-5 days
Cabbage
1-2 weeks
Corn
As soon as possible
Roasts, steaks, chops
3-5 days
Ground meat, stew meat, poultry, fish, variety meats
1-2 days
Cured and smoked meats (frankfurters, bacon, sausage, whole ham) (Storage
time applies to opened or nonvacuum-sealed packages. For unopened
vacuum sealed packages, note freshness date information on package)
1 week
Luncheon meats (Storage time applies to opened or nonvacuum-sealed packages.
For unopened vacuum sealed packages, note freshness date information on
package)
3-5 days
Cooked meats and meat dishes
3-4 days
Gravy and broth
1-2 days
Milk
1 week
Cottage cheese
5-7 days
Hard cheeses
Several months
Eggs in shell
5 weeks
FROZEN ITEMS: (for best quality use within)
Fruits and fruit juice concentrates
12 months
Vegetables
8 months
Bread and yeast rolls
3 months
Ground beef
3-4 months
Beef roasts and steaks
6-12 months
Lamb roasts
6-9 months
Cured pork
1-2 months
Pork roasts
4-8 months
Pork chops
3-4 months
Cooked meat dishes
2-3 months
Chicken parts
9 months
Turkey parts
6 months
Chicken or turkey, whole
12 months
Cooked chicken or turkey
4-6 months
Fish fillets
2-3 months
Cooked fish
3 months
Ice cream or sherbet
1 month